Please answer the following tests from 1 to 6 according to the rules of technical writing.
1. Translate the following English sentences into Japanese.
（次の英文を日本語に訳しなさい。）
The biological agents now in use for weed control are environmentally benign, and many offer the added benefit of specificity. They can usually be chosen for their ability to attack selected targets, leaving crops and other plants untouched (including plants that might be related to the target weeds). In contrast, some of the most effective chemical herbicides kill virtually all plants they contact, sparing only the few species possessing natural resistance to the chemicals and species that have been genetically modified for resistance. Furthermore, a number of biological agents can be administered once, after which no added applications are needed. Chemicals typically have to be applied several times in a glowing season.
2. The following English text is an article introducing a certain product. Based on this, please create an instruction manual for general users of this device in English.
There are millions of amateur photographers in the world—people who like to grab their 35-mm camera and shoot people and places for posterity. The Eastman Kodak Co. thinks that many of those weekend snap-shooters might be interested in enlarging their own negatives. They can now do so with Kodak’s new Create-A-Print 35-mm enlargement center. The machine enables customers to crop and compose a scene, then enlarge it with the push of a button.
Kodak says the nine-square-foot machine, which is being sold to photo-specialty stores and retail one-hour developing labs, is easy to operate and “fun to use.” A user inserts a strip of up to six negatives into the unit’s film gate and then views them—as positive color images—on a monitor. He then rotates a “track ball” (a metal sphere that can be moved in any direction) to select the correct frame for enlargement, the print size (5 by 7, 8 by 10, or 11 by 14) and either a horizontal or vertical format. The track ball also moves the frame up or down, left or right. With knobs, the user can zoom in or out and rotate the image. (He cannot adjust the colors, however.) When the user is satisfied with the image, he pushes the print button. Five minutes later, the finished print is delivered.
コダック社によると、写真専門店や1時間で現像できる小売ラボに販売されている9平方フィートの機械は、操作が簡単で「使って楽しい」とのことです。ユーザーは、最大6枚のネガをユニットのフィルムゲートに挿入し、それらをポジティブカラー画像としてモニターで見ます。次に、「トラック ボール」(どの方向にも動かせる金属製の球) を回して、拡大するフレーム、プリント サイズ (5 x 7、8 x 10、または 11 x 14)、および横向きか縦向きかを選択します。トラック ボールはフレームを上下左右に動かすこともできます。ノブを使って、画像を拡大または縮小したり、回転したりできます (ただし、色を調整することはできません)。画像に満足したら、印刷ボタンを押します。5 分後、完成したプリントが届きます。
3. Summarize each of the following English sentences into one sentence and rewrite them into more concise English.
（以下の英文をそれぞれ一つの文にまとめ、もっと簡潔な英文に書き直しなさい。）
1)In most musical sounds, harmonic frequencies, called partials or overtones, are whole-number multiples of a fundamental frequency. The fundamental frequency may or may not actually be present but nonetheless determines the apparent pitch of the sound.
2)Glycolysis is the biochemical conversion of simple sugars and complex plant and animal sugars to lactic acid with the release of chemical energy. Glycolysis is sometimes referred to as “animal fermentation” since the chemical changes are identical, up to a point, with those by which yeasts ferment sugars to alcohols.
3)The emulsion in a photographic film consists essentially of a very fine suspension of silver halide in gelation. The emulsion also contains a variety of other materials added to control the working and processing properties of the film.
4. Please summarize the following English sentence in 60 words or less.
（次の英文を60語以内でまとめてください。）
Videotape, ball bearings, photographic film and computer chips all perform poorly if their surfaces are rough or improperly shaped. Creating precise finishes on such objects requires having precise ways to measure the texture of surfaces. Yet, until recently, the techniques available suffered from serious drawbacks.
Optical interferometry, which exploits the wave nature of light to produce extremely accurate measurements of shapes or distances, has high potential for showing the shape of surfaces. Interferometry offers exemplary resolution and involves no physical contact with the surface to be studied. Unfortunately, interferometric images, or interferograms, are notoriously difficult to interpret and translate into useful measurements of surface texture. Traditional interferograms consist of snapshots of patterns of light and dark bands that often bear little obvious resemblance to the contours of the objects being studied. But by combining interferometry with powerful modern computers and sophisticated graphic software, we can show the finish of the surface in an intuitively obvious and attractive manner. And, once in a computer, the data can be manipulated with various mathematical techniques to derive useful statistics about the texture of the surface.
5. Please rewrite the following English sentences into a clear and concise sentence.
（以下の英文を簡潔でわかりやすい文に書き直してください。）
The expectation is that, in the case of the CBT industry, significant growth will continue. In the study of users, which was conducted in 1990, the participants felt that growth in the industry will be at a rate of 31%, during the next two years and at the rate of 49% during the next five years.
Kodak Create-A-Print 35-mm Enlargement Center User Manual
Introduction: Welcome to the world of photography enlargement with Kodak’s Create-A-Print 35-mm Enlargement Center. This manual guides you through the simple steps to enlarge your favorite negatives into beautiful prints.
Getting Started:
Insert Negatives: Open the film gate and insert a strip of up to six negatives.
Viewing Images: Positives of your negatives will be displayed on the monitor.
Using the Track Ball:
Select Frame: Use the track ball to scroll through your images and select the one you want to enlarge.
Choose Print Size: Select from 5×7, 8×10, or 11×14 sizes.
Adjust Orientation: Choose between horizontal or vertical formats.
Image Adjustment:
Positioning: Move the frame up, down, left, or right using the track ball.
Zooming: Rotate the knobs to zoom in or out.
Rotation: Adjust the image rotation to your liking.
Printing:
Finalize Your Selection: Once satisfied with the adjustments, press the print button.
Collect Your Print: Your enlarged print will be ready in five minutes.
Note: Color adjustments are not available.
Enjoy creating lasting memories with the Create-A-Print 35-mm Enlargement Center!
グーグル翻訳：
Kodak Create-A-Print 35 mm 引き伸ばしセンター ユーザー マニュアル
はじめに: Kodak の Create-A-Print 35 mm 引き伸ばしセンターで写真の引き伸ばしの世界へようこそ。このマニュアルでは、お気に入りのネガを美しいプリントに引き伸ばすための簡単な手順を説明します。
Surface roughness or improper shaping severely affects the performance of items like videotape and computer chips. Precise measurement techniques, like optical interferometry, are crucial for achieving exact finishes. Interferometry provides high-resolution, contactless surface shape measurements, though its data, complex to interpret, can now be made clear through advanced computing and graphics, allowing detailed texture analysis.
The study anticipates significant growth in the CBT industry, predicting a 31% increase in the next two years and 49% over the next five, based on a 1990 user survey.
“Fuzzy” means “ambiguous,” and it was Professor Zadeh of the University of California who began researching it as a branch of engineering. A fuzzy computer processes information by making judgments in ambiguous areas, much like a human would. Recently, household appliances like fuzzy washing machines, which apply this theory, have become increasingly common.
